The kinds of questions found below help us to understand what factors may influence populations of organisms.  In this gall insect database, we have data on the abundance of galls on goldenrod from several years, in research plots burned at 1, 4 or 20 year intervals. This database can be used to examine the effects of fire frequency, time since fire, and year of sampling on gall insect populations. 

This database is from the student data files.  Go to the gall insect trail for details about the life history of goldenrod and the gall insects which occur on this common tallgrass prairie forb.  The database from LTER researchers is called gall dataset.

1. What is the average number of galls per 100 stems by burning treatment?      

2. What is the average number of galls per 100 stems by year?    

3. What is the average number of galls by the year after last burned?   

4. What is the density of galls by treatment?   

5. What is the density of galls by year?   

6. What is the density of galls by the year after last burned?   

7. What is the density of galls in each four-year burn treatment by year?   

8. What is the average number of galls in each four-year burn treatment by year?   

9. What is the complete gall database?